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  • 1788 Tiree hoard: Short cross pennies (12th and 13th centuries) found beside Dun Shiadair

    1788
    Caledonian Mercury, 27 November 1788, p.3
    ‘Some days ago, there was found, in an earthen pot, in a field on the island of Tyrie, one of the Hebrides, a few ounces of the silver pennies of Henry III of England. That monarch began his reign in the 1216, and reigned fifty-six years and twenty days. The coins here taken notice of, seventy of which, in a gentleman’s possession in Glasgow, are in general in fine conservation; all of them have on the obverse the king’s full face and head crowned; in his right hand a sceptre pointed with pearls cross-wise; in the legend, Henricus Rex. The reverse bears a cross moline voided, which only extends to the edge of the inner circle, (and denotes his first coinage, or before his thirty-second year), between a cross of four pellets in each quarter, with the moneyer’s name, and place where coined; such as, Adam on Norh. Fulre on Oxon. Miles on Winc. Pieres on Lic. Nicole on Eve. R.— on Nicol (probably Lincoln). and Roger of Ronce; for Norwich, Oxford, Winchester, Leicester, and Evesham; what the two last imports we do not affirm. Twenty-six of them have either Abel, Ilger, Rauf, Raulf, Ricard. T. Walter or Willelm. with the abbreviation of on Lu. Lun. Lund, or Lunde. for London. Eighteen have the Epigraph of Joan, Henri, Henry, Samuel, Simon, or Simun, with the contraction of a Can. Cant or Cante. for Canterbury. Others are so imperfectly struck, and some so obliterated by the corroding hand of time, as to put it out of our power to speak of them with any certainty; although the names of Arnaud and Tomas, with other partial inscriptions, are legible upon many of them; but we do not chuse to venture further conjectures. A considerable number of Savon coins were also found on that island, in the month of August 1782.’ (Caledonian Mercury, 27 November 1788, p.3)

    There was lately found in an earthen pot, in a field in the Island of Tyrie, one of the Hebrides, a few ounces of the silver pennies of Henry III. of England. That monarch began his reign in the year 1216 and reigned 56 years. The coins here taken notice of, seventy of which are in a gentleman’s possession in Glasgow, are in general in fine preservation; all of them have on the obverse his full face and head crowned, in his right hand a sceptre pointed with pearls crosswise, in the legend Henricus Rex. The reverse bears a cross moline voided, which only extends to the edge of the inner circle (and denotes his first coinage, or before his thirty-second year) between a cross of four pellets in each quarter, with the moneyer’s name, and place where coined: such as Adam on Norh. Fulre on Oxen. Miles on Wine. Pieres on Lie. Nicole on Eve. R- on Nicol (Lincoln[)], and Roger of Ronce, for Norwich, Oxford, Winchester, Leicester, and Evesham; what the two last import we do not affirm. Twenty-six of them have either Abel, Iger, Rauf, Raulf, Ricard, T. Walter or Willelm. with the abbreviations of on Lu. Lun. Lund, or Lunde. for London. Eighteen have the epigraphs of Joan, Henri, Henry, Samuel, Simon or Simun, with the contraction of on Can. Cant. Cante. for Canterbury. Others are so imperfectly struck, and some so obliterated by the corroding hand of time, as to put it out of our power to speak of them with any certainty; although the names of Arnaud and Thomas, with other partial inscriptions, are legible upon many of them.’ (Scots Magazine, 50 (Dec. 1788), p. 617.)

    Short Cross Pennies issued first in 1180 in reign of Henry II, and last issued in 1247 during reign of Henry III

    1959
    Dolley, R. H. M. (1959) ‘A Note on the Chronology of some ‘Short Cross’ finds from the British Isles’ British Numismatic Journal, 29, pp. 297–321.

    p. 259
    ‘[Inventory] No. 358 Tiree c.1247

    pp. 318–9: ‘Mrs. J. S. Martin’s recent researches into the Ruding MSS. preserved in the British Museum enable much to be added to Lindsay’s brief mention. On the basis of a transcript of the Reverend Richard Southgate’s almost contemporary listing of a portion of the hoard presented to the British Museum, the date of discovery can be moved back a year, and we now know that both this hoard and the 1782 find of tenth-century pence had been concealed in pottery containers buried between two and three feet of the surface. The find-spots of both hoards are indicated, and that of the Short Cross hoard is given as the immediate vicinity of Dun Hiadin. More important still, Mrs. Martin has been able to identify no fewer than forty coins in the British Museum as being from this hoard, and we can now be reasonably certain that this hoard follows the same general pattern as those from Eccles and Colchester. Once again, too, Lawrence class VIII seems to have been completely absent.
    Class Ia Exeter, Iordan
    Class Ib Winchester, Gocelm
    Class III Canterbury, Ulard
    Class IV London, Fulke; Norwich, Iohan
    Class Va Canterbury, Hue; London, Ricard; York, Davi
    Class Vb Canterbury, Arnaud, Robert, Simon; Ipswich, Alisandre, Iohan; Lincoln Andreu, Hue; London, Beneit; Winchester, Andreu
    Class Vc Canterbury, Iohan M; London, Adam, Rauf, Walter
    Class VI Bury St Edmunds, Rauf; Canterbury, Hiun, Roger
    Class VII Bury St Edmunds, Norman, Simun, Willem; Canterbury, Ioan Fr., Iun, Osmund, Salemun, Tomas, Willem; London, Elis, Giffrei, Ledulf, Nichole, Raulf, Terri
    Anomalous ‘Goldvine on Eisi’
    Two further coins are listed but cannot now be traced. The moneyers are ‘Reinard’ (= Reinaud) of Canterbury who struck Lawrence classes II, III, and IV, and Walter of Canterbury who struck classes V, VI, and VII. The class VII coins include all three varieties distinguished in Lawrence’s 1914 paper, and it is clear that the hoard was deposited towards the end of the currency of class VIIc—it will be noticed that the six London coins include all four of the class VII’ new’ moneyers whom the Eccles and Colchester hoards suggest to have struck on a quite exceptional scale.
    There is, thus, no reason to disassociate the Tiree hoard from the same general grouping as the English finds from Eccles and Colchester, and one cannot help wondering how Andrew would have woven it into his ‘Buried Treasure’ paper had he been aware of its composition. The Inventory dating c. 1247 seems too late, even for a find from outside England, and again a dating c. 1240 seems as much as can be hazarded on the present evidence.’

    1964
    Dolley, R.H.M (1964) ‘The Date of the Medieval Coin-Hoard from Tom a’ Bhuraich in Aberdeenshire’. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 95, pp. 241–248.

    Listing of Tiree coin hoard (Inventory 358) on p. 246

    Thompson, J.D.A. (1956) Inventory of British coin hoards, A.D.600-1500 (Royal Numismatic Society.

    1993
    Manville, H. E. (1993) ‘Additions and Corrections to Thompson’s Inventory and Brown and Dolley’s Coin Hoards’, pp.91–115.
    p. 103: ‘No. 358. [reference to Scots magazine of December 1788] Note: A shorter version of this account was printed in GM [Gentleman’s Magazine] 58, Dec. 1788, 1112-3. Footnotes in the Inventory correct some of the attributions: e.g. probably CIC instead of LIC and FOLCE for Fulpe – although the SM text has Fulre.’

    Collections:

    Currently 21 short cross silver pennies in the British Museum and 1 ingot ascribed to Tiree

    No coins National Museum of Scotland ascribed to Tiree

    No coins Glasgow Museums Collection ascribed to Tiree
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  • Uamh nan Calman ‘the cave of the rock doves’

    A sea cave which probably got its name from fowling. Hunters would go at night, net off the ends and drive the birds into them with a torch.
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  • Sheepfold, West Hynish

    Built in the 1960s
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  • Kelp kilns

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  • Kelp drying walls

    A low bank of cobbles, and an augmented outcrop
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  • Broch or dun site: Dun Hiader



    DUN HIADER

    NL964389. The fort stands on a high, sheer, rocky bluff overlooking the sea. It is small and oval with traces of a median wall face in two places which are probably the sides of a mural gallery. Dun Hiader may therefore be tentatively classed as a galleried dun rather than a broch proper. The fort has suffered severely in recent years from unskilled investigation.

    Discovery and Excavation in Scotland 1963, pp. 20–1

    Mr and Mrs E R Cregeen

    DUN HIADER

    NL/94388. Miss MacFarlane, Ruaig Schoolhouse, found sherds of pottery at Dun Hiader, a coastal fort in the SW. of the island, with a massive wall displaying a well built median face (cf. Kildonan, near Campbeltown). One was similar to the leathery ware from Dun Vaul Beg; three fragments were of very coarse material, light brown or grey in colour, 7 to 8 mm. thick; one was of reddish-brown, badly fired ware, contained fibrous matter, and measured up to 15 mm. in thickness; the last was 2.5 mm. thick, of coarse, grey, hard material, fired to a light red.

    Discovery and Excavation in Scotland 1958, pp. 10–12.

    Beveridge, E. (1903) ‘Tiree and Coll’. p. 80.


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  • Worked flints from Port Snoig

    Large chert (flint) pebble, one smaller chert pebble and three worked chert fragments found by chance at Port Snoig, West Hynish (NL 96813 38707) on a steep eroding `cow path` up from a small sheltered beach of pebbles, at about 8m above MHWM. All are labelled and include: a knapped piece of core, a thumb scraper, a backed blade, and map and detailed notes by the finder.
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  • Tiree hoards

    There were two Tiree hoards:

    In 1782, a large hoard of coins and an ingot dated c.975 was dug up at Dùn Mòr a’ Chaolais, Caolas

    In 1788, a large hoard of coins dated c.1240 was dug up near Dùn Shiadair, West Hynish

    In 1789, ‘The Duke of Argyll has presented the British Museum with a curious collection of Saxon, English and Danish coins by the hands of Lord Frederick Campbell’ (Bath Chronicle and Weekly Gazette, 16 July 1789, p. 1)
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  • Kelp kiln, West Hynish

    Just east of Dùn Shiadair
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